May 2019
Star Report
Cabo Verde Compact II
In 2012, the Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC) partnered with Cabo Verde, an island nation off the coast of West Africa and a long-standing maritime and security partner of the U.S. Government, to implement a five-year, $66.2 million compact designed to reduce poverty through economic growth. Building on the success of Cabo Verde’s first MCC compact completed in October 2010, this investment combined infrastructure improvements with ambitious policy and institutional reforms to strengthen property rights and increase access to clean water and sanitation, improving the lives of more than 600,000 people.
- Signed: February 10, 2012
- Entry into Force: November 30, 2012
- Compact End Date: November 30, 2017
Executive Summary
In 2012, MCC partnered with Cabo Verde to implement a five-year, $66.2 million compact that combined infrastructure improvements with ambitious policy and institutional reforms to strengthen property rights and increase access to clean water and sanitation.
Country Context
Cabo Verde is a long-standing partner of the U.S. and has engaged with MCC since its inception. The compact supported Cabo Verde’s focus on shifting from a reliance on foreign aid and remittances to mobilization of the private sector and domestic resources.
Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) Project
Cabo Verde is an extremely water‐scarce island that relies on energy‐intensive desalinization of water for most of its municipal water needs. The WASH Project aimed to create the conditions under which national resources could be optimally and sustainably used.
Land Management for Investment Project
Prior to the MCC compact, Cabo Verde did not have a conclusive source of legal and spatial information regarding land. The Land Project aimed to establish an authoritative source to reduce time and cost of land transactions and registration for all users.
Compact Changes
The Cabo Verde II Compact achieved the full scope described in the original compact agreement and in, some instances, went beyond what was anticipated.
Beyond the Compact
In partnership with Cabo Verde, MCC’s investments encouraged a number of additional activities not originally planned in the compact. For example, the WASH project was able to support the creation of the island of Maio’s utility through a grant facility.
Coordination and Partnerships
The Cabo Verde II Compact included numerous partnerships with the private sector, multi-national entities, and other donors which leveraged additional funds to further compact aims to strengthen property rights and increase access to clean water and sanitation.
Policy and Institutional Reforms
The Cabo Verde II Compact invested in significant policy and institutional reforms. For example, the Government of Cabo Verde drafted and adopted 36 different new or revised laws, regulations, procedures and standards to underpin and enable the Land Project.
Lessons from the Compact
The Cabo Verde II Compact’s investments in property rights and water and sanitation yielded critical implementation and evaluation lessons for MCC, the Government of Cabo Verde, and other donors in these sectors.