Sector Results and Learning:
Land
This Land Sector Results and Learning page is a repository of evidence generated by all MCC-funded land interventions. To promote learning and inform future program design, this page captures monitoring data from key common indicators, showcases recent and relevant evaluations, and includes all agency lessons from completed land evaluations to-date.
What Do We Invest In?
MCC has funded $422.6 million in land interventions as of March 2023. These interventions fall into the following categories: legal, regulatory and policy reform; institutional strengthening; clarification and recognition of land rights; and land use planning and natural resource management.
Legal, Regulatory and Policy Reform
These programs address the land governance environment by strengthening the laws, regulations, and procedures for the recognition, administration and transfer of land rights.
Institutional Strengthening
These programs address weaknesses in land administration by investing in records management and transaction systems, business process change, infrastructure, equipment, and human capacity.
Clarification and Recognition of Land Rights
These programs address weak tenure security and weak understanding of land rights by clarifying and recognizing use rights, rights holders, and parcel boundaries.
Land Use Planning and Natural Resource Management
These programs address inadequacies in land use and management by clarifying land use typologies, demarcating village boundaries, and establishing land use plans.
What Have We Completed So Far?
MCC and its country partners develop and tailor Monitoring and Evaluation Plans for each program and country context. Within these country-specific plans, MCC uses common indicators to standardize measurement and reporting within certain sectors. See below for a subset of common indicators that summarize implementation achievements across all MCC land investments as of June 2023.
135
legal and regulatory reforms adopted
399
land administration offices established or upgraded
323,316
land rights formalized
364,495
parcels corrected or incorporated in land system
What Have We Achieved?
MCC commissions independent evaluations, conducted by third-party evaluators, for every project it funds. These evaluations hold MCC and country partners accountable for the achievement of intended results and also produce evidence and learning to inform future programming. They investigate the quality of project implementation, the achievement of the project objective and other targeted outcomes, and the cost-effectiveness of the project. The graphs below summarize the composition and status of MCC’s independent evaluations in the land sector as of February 2023. Evaluations of land investments that were part of a broader agriculture or irrigation project will be reflected in the Agriculture and Irrigation Sector Results and Learning page. Read on to see highlights of published interim and final evaluations. Follow the evaluation links to see the status of all planned, ongoing, and completed evaluations in the sector and to access the reports, summaries, survey materials, and data sets.
Go to our List of Evaluations to see the status of MCC’s land sector evaluations
Highlighted Evaluations

October 11, 2022 | Cabo Verde Compact II
Investing in Land Management Systems in Cabo Verde
Land sector work helped improve the property registration process

October 1, 2022 | Indonesia Compact
Land Use Planning for Sustainable Growth in Indonesia
Low utilization of spatial planning tools, despite high stakeholder interest

April 22, 2022 | Lesotho Compact
Land governance reform for equity and growth in Lesotho
Legal and institutional reform catalyzes land and credit markets
Go to our Evaluation Brief page to see all completed land sector evaluations
What Have We Learned from Our Results?
To link the evidence from the independent evaluations with MCC practice, project staff produce an MCC Learning document at the close of each interim and final evaluation to capture practical lessons for programming and evaluation. Use the filters below to find lessons relevant to your evidence needs.